Inflation Calculator

Calculate the inflation-adjusted value of any dollar amount using historical US CPI data. Three modes: historical adjustment, future purchasing power, and required salary increase.

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Inflation Calculator

Purchasing power & inflation-adjusted value

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Adjusted Amount
Cumulative Inflation
Purchasing Power Lost
Real Value (Today's $)

How Inflation Erodes Purchasing Power Over Time

This CPI calculator uses Bureau of Labor Statistics historical data to show exactly how the purchasing power of the US dollar has changed over time. In 2000, $100 could buy what costs about $177 today — a 77% increase driven by cumulative inflation over 26 years. The average annual US inflation rate since 2000 is roughly 2.6%, but it hasn't been steady: 2021 saw 7.0% and 2022 peaked at 8.0%, the highest in 40 years. The Federal Reserve targets 2% annual inflation as a long-term sustainable rate, using interest rate policy to steer toward that goal.

For salary negotiations, the cost of living calculator mode is especially practical. If you earned $70,000 in 2020 and never received a raise, inflation has reduced your real purchasing power to roughly $58,000 in 2025 dollars — you're earning the same number but affording less. A 3% annual raise barely keeps pace with typical inflation; a 5% raise genuinely grows your real income. Retirees face this challenge acutely: a fixed pension of $2,000/month in 2005 buys roughly $1,300 of equivalent goods today. Social Security's cost-of-living adjustments (COLAs) are designed to offset this, but private pensions and fixed annuities often do not adjust at all.

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Historical US Inflation

Average US CPI inflation: 2000s averaged 2.5%, 2010s averaged 1.7%, 2020–2023 averaged 5.1% due to pandemic supply disruptions. The Fed's long-run 2% target helps anchor long-term financial planning projections.

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The $100 in 1990 Effect

$100 in 1990 required about $237 by 2025 to buy the same goods — a 137% cumulative increase over 35 years. This is why retirement savers need their nest egg to grow faster than inflation, not just match it.

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Salary Keeping Pace with Inflation

A $60,000 salary with 2% annual raises loses real value during years when inflation exceeds 2%. The salary mode shows exactly how much your current wage needs to increase to maintain the same standard of living.

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Inflation-Proof Your Savings

Cash loses purchasing power over time. I bonds, TIPS (Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities), and diversified stock portfolios have historically outpaced inflation. Real assets like real estate often appreciate alongside inflation too.

Frequently Asked Questions

US CPI inflation in 2026: After the post-pandemic surge peaked at 9.1% in June 2022, inflation has moderated significantly. In May 2026, CPI year-over-year is approximately 2.4%-2.8% (near the Fed's 2% target). Core PCE (the Fed's preferred measure) is approximately 2.2%-2.5%. The Fed has maintained its target range as it balances inflation control with economic stability. This calculator uses actual BLS CPI data from 2000-2025 and the user-entered rate for future projections.
At 3% annual inflation: $100 today purchases what $74 purchased 10 years ago, what $55 purchased 20 years ago, and what $41 purchased 30 years ago. Conversely, your $100 today will only buy $74 worth in today's goods after 10 years. This is why retirement savings must be invested in assets that return more than inflation (stocks, real estate) rather than held in cash. The Rule of 70: divide 70 by inflation rate to find years to halve purchasing power. At 3%, purchasing power halves every 23 years.
Using BLS CPI data: CPI Jan 2000 = 168.8, CPI Dec 2025 = approximately 315.6. Cumulative inflation 2000-2025: approximately 87%. This means $1,000 in 2000 required approximately $1,870 in 2025 to have the same purchasing power. The average annual inflation rate over this 26-year period was approximately 2.5%. Notable spikes: 2021 (4.7%), 2022 (8.0%), 2023 (4.1%), then declining to near-2% by 2025-2026.
Inflation hedges ranked by effectiveness: (1) I-Bonds (Series I US Savings Bonds): rate adjusts every 6 months to CPI, principal protected, $10,000/year limit. (2) TIPS (Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities): principal adjusts with CPI, available in any amount. (3) Real estate: rents and values tend to rise with inflation. (4) Broad stock market index funds: corporate revenues grow with inflation over long periods. (5) Commodities (gold, oil): short-term hedge, volatile. Cash and bonds with fixed rates lose purchasing power in high inflation environments.

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