1031 Exchange Calculator & 45/180-Day Timeline Tracker

Estimate the capital gains tax you can defer with a Section 1031 like-kind exchange, including depreciation recapture and cash "boot" — then get your exact 45-day identification and 180-day closing deadlines. Built for U.S. real estate investors.

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1031 Exchange Calculator

Deferred tax & deadline tracker

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Capital Gains Tax Deferred
Total Realized Gain
Tax if Sold Outright
Taxable Boot
Tax Still Due Now
Critical Deadlines

How a 1031 Exchange Defers Your Taxes

A 1031 exchange (named after Section 1031 of the tax code) lets a real estate investor sell an investment property and reinvest the proceeds into a "like-kind" replacement property while deferring capital gains tax and depreciation recapture. You don't eliminate the tax — you postpone it, keeping more capital working in your next deal. Investors who keep exchanging can defer indefinitely, and a step-up in basis at death can wipe the deferred gain out entirely.

Two deadlines are absolute and the IRS does not extend them: you have 45 days from the sale of your old property to formally identify replacement candidates, and 180 days total to close on the new property. To defer 100% of the tax, you must reinvest all the net proceeds and acquire property of equal or greater value. Any cash you keep or reduction in value is "boot" — and boot is taxable. This calculator shows your deferred tax, any taxable boot, and both deadline dates.

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45-Day Rule

Identify replacement property in writing within 45 days of closing your sale. No extensions, weekends included.

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180-Day Rule

Close on the replacement within 180 days of the sale (or your tax-return due date, if earlier).

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Boot Is Taxable

Cash taken out or buying down in value triggers tax on that portion — the rest stays deferred.

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Qualified Intermediary

You can't touch the proceeds. A QI must hold the funds between sale and purchase, or the exchange fails.

1031 Exchange Rules, Deadlines & Tax Savings for U.S. Real Estate Investors

For American real estate investors, the 1031 exchange is the single most powerful tool for building wealth tax-deferred — and "1031 exchange calculator," "45 day 180 day rule," and "how to defer capital gains on real estate" are searched constantly across the United States. By rolling the proceeds of an investment-property sale into a like-kind replacement, you defer federal capital gains tax and depreciation recapture, keeping far more capital working in your next deal. This tool estimates your deferred tax and tracks both IRS deadlines to the day.

The 45-Day and 180-Day Clock

The two deadlines are unforgiving: 45 days to identify replacement property and 180 days to close, with a qualified intermediary holding the funds in between. Buying equal or greater value defers 100% of the tax; taking cash ("boot") is taxable. Enter your sale closing date to get your exact identification and closing deadlines on a clear timeline.

How to Use the 1031 Exchange Calculator

  1. Enter the sale price of your relinquished property and your adjusted cost basis.
  2. Add selling costs and accumulated depreciation.
  3. Enter the replacement property price and your capital-gains and state tax rates.
  4. Enter your sale closing date to generate the 45-day and 180-day deadline timeline.

Worked Example

An investor sells a rental for $750,000 with a $400,000 basis, $45,000 of selling costs, and $90,000 of depreciation. Selling outright would trigger roughly $65,000+ in federal capital-gains tax and depreciation recapture. By exchanging into an $800,000 replacement and reinvesting all proceeds, that tax is fully deferred — and the 45-day identification and 180-day closing deadlines are calculated automatically.

Who Uses This Calculator

U.S. real estate investors, landlords, and property owners selling rental, commercial, or investment real estate who want to defer capital gains tax by reinvesting into like-kind replacement property.

1031 Exchange FAQ

Boot is any value you receive that isn't like-kind property — typically cash you keep, or the amount by which your replacement property is cheaper than what you sold. Boot is taxable up to the amount of your gain. Buying a replacement of equal or greater value and reinvesting all proceeds keeps boot at zero and defers 100% of the tax.
In a fully deferred 1031 exchange, depreciation recapture (taxed at up to 25%) is deferred along with your capital gain. If you take boot, recapture is generally triggered first. This calculator taxes recapture before regular gain when boot applies, which is the conservative treatment.
No. Section 1031 applies only to property held for investment or business use, not a personal residence. Your home may instead qualify for the Section 121 exclusion ($250K single / $500K married). Vacation homes can qualify only under strict rental-use tests.
Almost never — they include weekends and holidays and run concurrently (the 45 days are inside the 180). The only common exception is a federally declared disaster, which can trigger IRS relief. Miss either deadline and the entire exchange fails, making the whole gain taxable. Plan replacement candidates before you sell.

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✔ Reviewed by the True Value Calc editorial team🗓 Last updated June 2026📚 Sources: Peer-reviewed formulas & official U.S. government data