TDEE Calculator — Total Daily Energy Expenditure

Calculate your Total Daily Energy Expenditure (TDEE) and get a personalized calorie target for weight loss, maintenance, or muscle gain. Includes macro breakdown (protein, carbs, fat) based on your goal. Uses the Mifflin-St Jeor equation — the most accurate BMR formula for adults. Free, instant, no sign-up.

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TDEE & Macro Calculator

Calories + protein, carbs & fat for your goal

yrs
ft
in
lbs
TDEE (Maintenance Calories)
Total daily energy expenditure
BMR (at rest)
Goal Calories
Calorie Adjustment
Est. Weekly Change

TDEE Calculator: How to Calculate Your Total Daily Energy Expenditure for Weight Loss or Muscle Gain

TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure) is the total number of calories your body burns in a 24-hour period including all physical activity, digestion, and basic body functions. It is calculated by multiplying your BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) by an activity factor: Sedentary (×1.2), Lightly Active (×1.375), Moderately Active (×1.55), Very Active (×1.725), or Extra Active (×1.9). TDEE is the most important number in any weight management program — eating consistently below your TDEE creates a calorie deficit that drives fat loss, while eating above drives muscle and weight gain. A 500-calorie daily deficit below TDEE produces approximately 1 lb of fat loss per week (3,500 calories = 1 lb of fat).

Macronutrient targets matter as much as total calories for body composition. Protein is the most critical macro: 0.7–1g per pound of body weight preserves muscle during a deficit and supports muscle synthesis during a surplus. The thermic effect of food (TEF) is highest for protein at 20–30% — meaning 100 calories of protein effectively delivers only 70–80 net calories. Carbohydrates are the body's preferred fuel for high-intensity exercise. Fat is essential for hormone production (including testosterone) and fat-soluble vitamin absorption. This calculator uses clinically validated macro ratios backed by sports nutrition research.

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Choosing Your Activity Level

Most people overestimate their activity level. "Moderately active" means structured exercise 3–5 times per week — NOT just being on your feet at work. If you work a desk job but hit the gym 4x/week, choose Moderately Active. Overestimating activity is the #1 reason TDEE-based diets stall.

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Protein Priority

Prioritize protein at every meal. 0.8–1g/lb of body weight is the minimum for muscle preservation during fat loss. Higher protein (1–1.2g/lb) supports muscle gain during a bulk. Protein is the most satiating macro — it reduces hunger hormones and keeps you full longer per calorie.

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Metabolic Adaptation

After 4–6 weeks of dieting, your TDEE decreases by 5–15% (adaptive thermogenesis). Plan for diet breaks every 8–12 weeks: eat at maintenance calories for 1–2 weeks to reset leptin and reverse some metabolic adaptation before resuming your deficit.

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Tracking Accuracy

Food logging studies show people underestimate calorie intake by 20–50%. Use a food scale for at least 2 weeks when starting a TDEE-based diet. Restaurant meals average 200–500 extra calories beyond menu estimates. Home cooking is the single most effective calorie control strategy.

Formula & Logic

Total daily energy expenditure is BMR multiplied by an activity factor, and it is the number that actually governs whether weight moves. It has four components: basal metabolism, the thermic effect of food (roughly 10% of intake, spent digesting it), deliberate exercise, and non-exercise activity thermogenesis — fidgeting, walking, standing, posture — which varies between individuals by hundreds of calories a day and is the single largest source of error in any estimate. The multiplier approach bundles the last three into one number, which is why people routinely over-select their activity level and then wonder why the maths does not work.

TDEE = BMR × activity factorSedentary 1.2 · Light 1.375 · Moderate 1.55 · Very active 1.725 · Athlete 1.9

where:

BMR
basal rate from Mifflin-St Jeor
activity factor
covers exercise AND everyday movement — desk workers who train 3× a week are usually 1.375, not 1.55

Assumptions: A starting estimate, not a measurement. The honest method is to hold intake steady for two to three weeks, track weight, and adjust: if weight is stable, that intake IS your TDEE, whatever the formula predicted.

Step-by-Step Example: Turning a 1,763 BMR Into a Cutting Target

The 35-year-old man above trains three times a week but works at a desk.

  • BMR1,763 cal
  • JobDesk-based
  • Training3 sessions a week
  1. Choose the factor honestly: three sessions plus a sedentary job is "light", 1.375 — not "moderate".
  2. Maintenance: 1,763 × 1.375 = 2,424 calories a day.
  3. For fat loss, apply a 20% deficit: 2,424 × 0.80 = 1,939 calories.
  4. Check the rate: the 485-calorie daily deficit is 3,395 a week.
  5. Convert to weight: 3,395 ÷ 3,500 calories per pound ≈ 0.97 lb (0.44 kg) a week.
  6. Sanity-check the floor: 1,939 stays above BMR, which a sustainable deficit should.

ResultMaintenance 2,424 — cutting target 1,939 calories for about 1 lb a week

Had "moderate" been selected instead, maintenance would read 2,732 and the deficit would be illusory — the person would eat at roughly maintenance and conclude the calculator was wrong. Under-selecting activity is the safer error, because stalled progress is easier to diagnose than an invisible surplus.

Frequently Asked Questions

TDEE (Total Daily Energy Expenditure) is the total calories your body burns in 24 hours including all activity. It is calculated as BMR × activity multiplier. TDEE is the most important number for any diet plan: eating 500 cal/day below TDEE creates a deficit that produces approximately 1 lb/week fat loss. Eating at TDEE maintains current weight. Eating above TDEE supports weight gain/muscle building.
Most people overestimate their activity level. Use these guidelines: Sedentary (1.2): desk job, no planned exercise. Lightly active (1.375): light exercise 1--3 days/week OR active job (waitressing, etc.) with no extra exercise. Moderately active (1.55): gym 3--5 times/week with actual sweat. Very active (1.725): hard training 6--7 days/week or physical labor job PLUS exercise. Extra active (1.9): elite athletes, twice-daily training, construction workers who also train.
Set your daily calories at TDEE minus 500 for 1 lb/week loss, or TDEE minus 250 for 0.5 lb/week loss. Do not exceed a 750--1,000 cal/day deficit -- larger deficits increase muscle loss and trigger metabolic adaptation. Minimum safe intake: 1,200 cal/day (women), 1,500 cal/day (men). The most sustainable approach is a 300--500 cal deficit combined with 30--45 min of exercise 4--5 times per week.
For weight loss, prioritize protein at 0.8--1g per lb body weight (or 30--40% of calories). This preserves muscle mass during a deficit and maximizes satiety. Remaining calories split between carbs and fats based on preference -- there is no metabolic advantage to low-carb over balanced macros when protein and calories are equal (per multiple meta-analyses). Low-carb diets work well because they naturally increase protein and reduce total intake, not due to any special fat-burning effect.
Metabolic adaptation (adaptive thermogenesis) is real: after 4--8 weeks of dieting, your TDEE can decrease by 5--15% below what the formula predicts, because your body reduces energy expenditure to conserve resources. Solutions: (1) Take a 1--2 week diet break eating at maintenance calories to partially reset leptin. (2) Recalculate TDEE based on your new lower body weight. (3) Add or change exercise to avoid NEAT (non-exercise activity) suppression. (4) Reverse diet slowly before cutting again.

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✔ Written & reviewed by Dr Sam — 20+ yrs in management & research leadership📅 Last updated June 2026📚 Sources: CDC & USDA / HHS Dietary Guidelines📑 How we build & check these⚖ General information only — not medical advice