Solar Battery Storage Time-of-Use Savings Calculator

See how much a home battery saves by storing cheap off-peak (or solar) energy and discharging during expensive peak time-of-use hours. Calculate daily and annual energy-arbitrage savings, account for round-trip losses, and find your battery's payback period.

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Battery TOU Optimizer

Peak-shaving & arbitrage savings

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Annual TOU Savings
Usable Energy / Cycle
Daily Savings
10-Year Savings
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Per-Cycle Economics

How Battery Time-of-Use Arbitrage Saves Money

Many U.S. utilities now charge time-of-use (TOU) rates — electricity costs far more during peak evening hours than overnight. A home battery (like a Tesla Powerwall, Enphase, or LG unit) lets you store cheap energy — either from your solar panels or low-cost off-peak grid power — and discharge it during expensive peak hours, shaving the priciest kilowatt-hours off your bill. This is called energy arbitrage or peak shaving.

The savings per cycle equal the peak energy you avoid buying, minus the cost (and round-trip losses) of charging the battery. Because batteries are only about 85–95% efficient, you need to store a bit more than you get back. With a 13.5 kWh battery cycled once daily, a $0.45 peak vs $0.12 off-peak spread can save several hundred dollars a year. This calculator factors in usable depth of discharge, round-trip efficiency, and your local rates to show daily savings, annual savings, and how long the battery takes to pay for itself.

Peak vs Off-Peak

The bigger the rate spread, the more a battery saves. Steep TOU plans make storage far more valuable.

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Round-Trip Loss

Batteries return ~85–95% of stored energy. The calculator accounts for the energy lost charging.

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Solar Pairing

Charging from your own solar at near-zero cost maximizes the spread and the savings.

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Incentives

The federal residential clean-energy credit and state/utility rebates cut battery cost and shorten payback.

Is a Home Battery Worth It on a U.S. Time-of-Use Plan?

As more American utilities roll out time-of-use (TOU) pricing, "is a Tesla Powerwall worth it," "home battery payback," and "solar battery savings calculator" have become top searches for U.S. homeowners. A home battery stores cheap off-peak or solar energy and discharges it during expensive peak hours, shaving the priciest kilowatt-hours off your bill. This calculator quantifies that energy arbitrage — daily savings, annual savings, and how long the battery takes to pay for itself.

The Bigger the Rate Spread, the Better

Savings depend on your peak-to-off-peak price gap, round-trip efficiency, and how often you cycle. In high-rate states like California (and on steep TOU plans elsewhere), a battery paired with solar and the 30% federal residential clean-energy credit can deliver a compelling payback. Enter your real rates to see if it pencils out.

How to Use the Solar Battery Storage Calculator

  1. Enter your battery capacity (kWh) and usable depth of discharge.
  2. Enter the round-trip efficiency (about 85–95% for lithium batteries).
  3. Enter your peak and off-peak/solar electricity rates.
  4. Set cycles per day and the installed battery cost to see annual savings and payback.

Worked Example

A 13.5 kWh battery cycled once daily on a plan with a $0.45 peak and $0.12 off-peak rate (90% efficiency) saves roughly $1,560 per year by discharging during peak hours. Against an $11,000 installed cost after incentives, the payback is about 7 years — shorter where the peak/off-peak spread is bigger.

Who Uses This Calculator

U.S. homeowners with solar panels or time-of-use electricity plans evaluating a home battery (Tesla Powerwall, Enphase, LG) for energy arbitrage, peak shaving, and backup power.

Solar Battery FAQ

It depends mostly on your peak-to-off-peak rate spread and how often you can cycle the battery. A large spread (e.g., $0.45 peak vs $0.12 off-peak) with daily cycling can save $300–$700+ a year. A small spread makes payback long. Run your real rates above — the payback line tells you directly whether it pencils out.
It's the percentage of energy you get back out of the battery compared to what you put in. Modern lithium home batteries are about 85–95% efficient round-trip. The rest is lost as heat during charging and discharging, so you must charge a little more than you'll use — this calculator subtracts that loss from your savings.
Most home batteries do about one full cycle per day (charge once, discharge once during peak). Some homes with a big rate spread and enough solar can squeeze in slightly more, but cycling harder shortens battery life. Using 1.0 is a safe, realistic default for savings estimates.
No — this tool measures only the dollar savings from time-of-use arbitrage. The value of backup power during outages is real but personal, so it isn't included. If reliable backup matters to you, the battery may be worth it even when the pure arbitrage payback looks long.

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✔ Reviewed by the True Value Calc editorial team🗓 Last updated June 2026📚 Sources: Peer-reviewed formulas & official U.S. government data